Projection device



i-"" 1942; J. WOERM ANN 2,294,219

PROJECTION DEVICBf Filed Jan. 13, 1940 9 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR I daco h oermann ATTORNEY Aug. 2 5, 1942.

J. WQERMANN PROJECTION DEVICE 9 sheets-sheet 2 Fil'ed Jan. 15, 194d INVENTOR Jacob Mermann 4 ATTORNEY c- 2 1942- J. WOERMANN PROJECTION DEVICE Filed Jan. 13, 1946 9 Sheets- Sheet s INVENTOR Jaw?) h aermann L /L2- ATTOPNEY J. WOERMANN' PROJECTION DEVICE Filed Jan. 13, 1940 Aug. 25, 1942.

9 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR Jae-05' h aermann AT ORNEY Aug. 25, 1942. J. WOERMANN PROJECTION DEVICE 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jain. 1:5; 7 1940 lNVENTOR daw lt oermann V ATTORNEY Aug.- 25, 19742. J. WQERMANN PROJE CTION DEVICE 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Jan. 13, 1940 INVENTOR w "Tu W m r O 8 M 3 J. WOERMANN 9 1 PROJECTION DEVICE Filed Jan. 13, 1940 9 Sheets-Sheet '7 INVENTOR daewb Mermann ATTORN EY Aug. 25, 1942. J. WOERMANN PROJECTION DEVICE Filed Jan. 15, 1940 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 lNVENTOR Jacob Woermann 8 4 ATTORNEY A 2.5, 1942- J. WOEBMANN 2,294,219

PROJECTION DEVICE Filed Jan. 13. 1940 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 INVENTOR Jaco h oermann ATTORNEY Patented Aug. 25, 1942 UNITED STATES PATEN T OFFI CE 2,294,219 PROJECTION DEVICE Jacob Woerinann, Glcndala N. Y.

Application January 13, 19 10, Serial No. 313,689

23 Claims.

a compartment containing transparencies to be projected. of cooling means for both said lamp house and said compartment. This is particularly important when the transparencies are pictures, taken in natural colors.

A further object of the invention is the provision in a projector of, an inclined track capable of carrying a plurality of individual slide carriers,;a second inclined trackcapable'of carrying a plurality of individual slide carriers, means to successively deliver slides to one of said tracks after they are projected; means to successively deliver slides to a projection stage from the other of saidtracks, and the further provision of means to deliver or transfer slides, from one of said tracks to the other.

Yet another object of the invention is the provision in a projector, of an iris type of shutter having associated therewith. mechanism for imparting thereto, in eiiect at least a toggle action for causing the shutter to close and/or open quickly, said shutter being adapted to cut oh the light while one slide is being removed from the projection stage and a succeeding one is advanced to theproje'c'tion stage.

Another object of the invention is the pro-.

vision of a projector for a series of still pictures including mechanism forautomatically delivering. said pictures to and conveying them from the gate in said projector, including a motor for driving said mechanismincluding fan means driven by said motor for cooling said projector, and the provision of means for disassociating' said motor from said mechanism when it is desired to dwell upon any desired-picture upon thev projection screen, without stoppingthe action of said fan means.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a projector employing a series of individual slides, the provision of individual holders for said slides adapted to traverse passages and channels in said projector with a minimum of friction and the further provision of novel means for accurately and rigidly registering each slide with the optical axis. of the projector immediately prior to its projection onto a projection surface.

Other objects are directed to features of the individual slide holders, the maintenance of positive control of each slide at all times, conjointly acting mechanism for delivering a slide to one end of a pre-projection rail system in the machine While and as a slide from the other end thereof is removed and elevated to the projection stage, many novel and simple mechanical motions, and features and advantages which will beapparent to those skilled in-theart; as they are disclosed during the course of the following specification. I

The drawings illustrate by way of example one embodiment of my new and improved projector in which:

Figure ,1 is a right side elevation of the new and improved projector;

Figure '2 is a view of the projector from above;

Figure 3 is-a bottom view of theprojector showing some of the mechanism;

Figure 4 is a left side view of the projector, a portion thereof being in section the mounting of ,the projection lamp, and showing the paths of the cooling air through the projector and the magazine;

Figure *5 is end view of the slide magazine from theiront end of the device, with the covers rev Figure 7 is asideview of a portion of the magazine shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is an elevation of the projection stage and including mechanism and guides for elevatin'g slides to, the projection stage and removing projected slides therefrom;

Figure '9 is a side view of the mechanism shown in Figure 8; v

Figure, 10 is a View showing the motor pivotally mounted in the frame and carrying the 'cooling ,means on one shaft extension, and a worm on'th'efother shaft extension;

Figure 11 is a view showing how the motor may be shifted on its pivot to disengage the worm from the worm gear when it is desired to project a picture for a period longer than the normal picture projection period of the projector;

Figure 12 is an elevation of the shutter plate;

Figure 13 is an elevation of the shutter plate as viewed from the side opposite to that shown in Figure 1-2;

Figure 14 is a front elevation of my new and improved slide carrier;

Figure 15' is a sectional elevation taken along the line l5i-|5 of Figure 14;

Figure 16 is a rear view of the slide holder shown in Figure 14; and

Figure 17 is a perspective View showing a slide adapted tofit'the slide holder, Figures 14 to 16 inclusive.

Referring to Figure l, the projector is provided with a base 20 which forms a support for the elements of the projector and which houses some of. the driving mechanism to be presently described in connection with Figure 3.

A magazine 2!. is provided for the slides. Next to the magazine is a vertical chamber 22 including the projection stage and mechanism to deliver slides to and to remove slides from the projection stage. To the rear of the chamber 22 is a compartment 23 which houses the shutter and the condensing lens cell.

To the rear of the compartment 23 is the lamp house 24 which houses the projection lamp and the reflector. Beneath the lamp house 24 is a housing 25 ,WhiCh includes compartments for the motor, the blower system for cooling the projector, and gearing connecting the motor to the mechanism.

Main drive mechanism Referring now to Figures 3 and 5, the main shaft 26 is vertically disposed and is suitably journaled in a boss 21 supported in the base 29, by means of bushings 28 and 29. A bushing 39 secured to the base 29 forms a bearing for a second vertical shaft 3I, which carries on its lower end, a small sprocket 32. The shaft 26 carries on its lower end a large sprocket 33, and a chain 34 about these sprockets forms a reduction drive therebetween. An arm 35 has one end pivotally supported on the base 29 by means of a shouldered screw 36, and a second shouldered screw 37 secured to the other end of the arm 35 forms a pivotal support for the roller 38 which keeps the chain tight. A spring 39 acting against the arm 35 maintains the roller 38 into firm, yet resilient contact with the chain 34.

The upper end of the shaft 3| has secured thereto a worm gear 49' which meshes with a Gil worm 4| carried on the shaft 42 of the motor 43.

The motor 43, as may be seen in Figures 10 and 11, is pivotally mounted on a cross member 44, the bolt 45 forming a pivot pin, and the motor is retained in any set position by a spring cupped washer 41. cross member provides clearance for a bolt 46 passing through the motor base and said washer.

A stud rod 48 is screwed into the motor base and carries on its outer end, a knurled handle or knob 49. The rod 48 passes through a clearance slot 59 formed in the casing 5| (which is one wall of the housing 25). The slide changing mechanism of the machine may be stopped at will by grasping the knob 49 and swinging the A suitable slot (not shown) in the positioned in the groove 63 and a tongue 61 is slidably mounted in the groove 65; so that, as the shaft 26 rotates, the cross-head 69 will reciprocate along a path defined by the grooves 63 and 65. The cross-head 69 has mechanism connected thereto for delivering slides to the projection stage which will presently be described.

The main shaft 26 also carries an eccentric 68 having a stud 69 secured thereto. The hub 19 of the sprocket 33 is embraced by a split collar 'Il having clamping lugs I2 and I3 and a locking screw 14 therewith, so that after being set at'a wanted timing the lug I2 bearing against the stud 69, drives the eccentric 68 when the sprocket is moved in the direction of the arrow.

A circular strap member 15 embraces the eccentric, and may preferably tongue into, the periphery of the eccentric. A flat portion I6 of the strap member has secured thereto, one end of a connecting rod II which has its other end pivot.- ally connected to a bar 19 by means of a shouldered bushing I9 secured to the bar by a screw 89. A rectangular hole 81 in base 29 is spanned by a plate 82, and screws 83 secure the plate to the base. Mounted on the plate is a shouldered stud 64 having a reduced portion passing through a hole in bar 18 and a screw 85 and washer 86 for retaining the bar 18 thereon.

A connecting rod 81 has one end pivotally connected to the bar 18, which constitutes a walking beam, by means 88 which may duplicate the means connecting the rod IT to the bar 18 described above. The other end of the connecting rod 81 is connected to a shouldered stud 89 which is carried by a second cross-head member 99 which reciprocates in slides one of which is shown at 9I in Figure 5. A slot 92 in cross-head 99 permits the stud 89 to be adjusted and a nut 93 and a washer are for locking the stud when properly set. Mechanism connected to the crosshead 99 controls the movement of the slides within the magazine and will be described along with the magazine.

motor on the pivot pin until the worm 4| is disengaged from the worm gear 49 without interfering with the cooling system, to be presently described.

Due to the worm and worm gear, and the small and the large sprockets the speed of the shaft 26 is quite slow.

The sprocket 33 has secured thereto a crank arm 52 which carries on its outer end a shouldered bushing 53 which is secured thereto by a screw 54. A connecting rod 55 has one end forming a bearing on the bushing 53 and its other end pivotally connected to the shoulder of a shouldered stud 56 and retained thereon by a washer 51 and a screw 58. The stud 56 is secured to a cross-head 69 by means of a screw 59 passing through a slot 6| therein; The path through which the cross-head 69 travels may be adjusted by loosening screw 59 and changing the position of the stud 56 relative to the edge 690; of the cross-head and tightening the screw 59 to retain a wanted setting.

A bar 62 having a longitudinal groove 63 formed therein and a bar 64 having a groove 65 formed therein are spaced apart from each other and form parallel slides for the cross-head. A tongue member 66 on the cross-head is slidably Projection stage and the movement of slides thereto and therefrom Referring to Figures 3 and 5, the cross-head 69 has secured thereto, beneath the tongue members 66 and 61, metallic blocks 94 and 95 respectively. The block 94 carries a stud 96 passing through a longitudinal slot 91, permitting the block to be adjusted relative to the cross-head. A nut 98 having a washer thereunder may be tightened to retain a desired adjustment. The block has a stud 99 passing through slot I99 and provided with a retaining nut I9I for retaining block 95 in a wanted setting.

Secured to the block 94 is a backing strip I92 which is also engaged by a notched bar I93, secured to the base 29 at the end of the bar 62. The notch in bar I93 forms a guide slot for the backing strip I92 as the cross-head reciprocates. A second backing strip I64 is secured to the block 93 and is engaged and guided by a notched bar A steel ribbon I96 has one end connected to the block 94 and the other end connected to the elevating block I91. The wall I98 and the wall I99 in the chamber 22 are spaced apart from the wall I99 and define a vertical path along which the elevating block I91 travels. Rods 226 secured to the plate I99 and mounted in crossmember 22'! secured to the frame 228 aid in supporting the wall I99. Since the cross-head 69 and the blocks I secured thereto move in a horifreely oven the arcuate:face.

The elevating 'blo'ck" '=I0't"has a wideportion integral'therewith the lowerface IiI2= of. fwhich acts as a cam and the uppertface H3fof1which also acts as a cam, aswillnheieinafter leefdescribed. 'Midway "the wide portion is. a tongue or rib II4 which is engaged by the grooved roller II6'of.v the slide. carriers H8. 'Thaelevating block I'I also has secured thereto a" bar 1H5 which functionsas a guide bar "therefor.

Secured to the block 95 is a steel ribbon'I36 similar to I 06 and this steel ribbon has associated therewith a second elevating block-"I IT with lower and upper cam faces "I02 and I' IC-L and a-ribI ld for engaging grooved-rollersfl iii onthe slide holders. By loosening the nut 98 the block 19%, the backing strip'I02 and the steel ribbon- I08 may be moved'relative to the cross-head 60, and thereby the timing and/or height of the elevating block I07 may be adjusted; after 'which'the nut 98 may be tightened toretain such adjustment. Likewise the nut'I0i may be loosened, permitting the adjustment of the other elevating block'I I'I associated therewith; the latter being moved to the point where a slide'holder resting on" both elevating blocks is level, showing that both blocks are in parallel relation, after which'the nut IOI may be tightened to keep this adjustment.

Rails II9 andIZIJKFigure 6) are -inclined or slant downwardly to paths of travel of the elevating blocks I01 and Ill. These'rails are parallel and their lower ends terminate below and in line with the wall I09; Rail II9 may-be seen in the sectional elevation Figure 5' and also in Figure 9. The rail H9 is supported by members I2I and I22 carried on the side wall I23 of the magazine 2|,- and therail I20 is supported by members one of which is-designated by the numeral I24 carried on the side I25.

Lugs I25 a'ndIZI on the wallItS support a shaft I28 which has pivotally supported thereon, on one end thereof, a lever I30; and on'the other end thereof, a lever I3I (Figure 8) Thes'elevers extend through the wall I08 through perforations I32 and I33 respectively. Thelever L30, which may also be seen in Fi ures 5 and 9 carries a laterally projecting pin I29, which is engaged by a spring I 34 secured to the wall I 08."- Normally the pin I29, under the urge ofspringfil34, rests against the wall I08 and the tail I'35.of the. lever I30 is in the position shown .in Figures 5 and 9 and acts as a baffle to prevent the slide holders from entering the space'between the walls I08 and I09. The lever I3I carries a laterally projecting pin I31 which is alsoengaged by a spring similar to the spring I34a'nd normally-holds: the lever I 3I parallel to the. lever I30.

When the motor is running the cross-headiiil reciprocates as described and -'-the elevating blocks I 01 and II! are movedrup. and. down in the Vertical path between the walls I08 and I539, the lowest point of travel being'the' position where the upper surfacesi I3 and' I43 are slightly below the upper surfaces of the rails 'HS "and I20.' The highest=point of-travel 'will=presently be described.

- 'As'the elevating blocks I0'I'and II'I approach the lowest point of travel," their lower camming surfaces *I I2 and I42 respectively engage the tails ofthe levers I30 and 'I'EI; after which further'movement to thelowest point of travel causes each of thelevers to assumethe position shown -'in dotted lines in Figure 9. Nowsincethe levers "no-longer form a barrier forthe slide carriers on therails H9 and I20, and since the surfaces H3 and I43 are lower-than the lower ends-of these slanting rails the end slide carrier is free to roll onto theelevating blocks where the until the'pins I and I3! contactthe-wall I08 and cause'the levers to come to restin their normal positions forming bafiles for the remaining slide 'carriers'on the'rails'I I0 and I20.

As can be seen inFigure 5, as the slide carrier (and the elevating blocks moving the same) move upwardly, they will encounter, and cause to move'laterally, apair'of trip levers provided for causing therpreceding slide carrier to be ejected from the projection stage so that the succeedingone (then being elevated) can enter the projection stage whenthe elevating blocks have raised it to the highest point of their movement as will hereinafter be described.

The trip leversare identical and one of them 439 maybeseenin Figure 5 and also in Figure 9. A pair of bosses one of which is designated by the numeral I38 are carried on' the rear wall I00 and form supports for a shaft M0 which pivotally supports the trip levers." The camming surface MI of the trip levers projects through openings in thewall-IillL-one of which is designated by the numeral M'Usee Figure 8. The trip levers it will be noted, are in line with the hubs of the rollers on the slide carriers, therefore the trip levers are actuated "only when a slide is being elevated."This makes sure that a slide carrier atthe projection stage will not be displaced until a succeeding slide is on the way up'to replace it.

.Asecond pair of bosses I 38 on the" rear of i wanna are spaced apart from the bosses I38,

and support a'shaftMB forming a pivotal 'support for bell-cranksdell. The bell-crank I50 carries on'one arm thereof a stud I 5| which "normally rests against the back face of the trip 1'ever I39 under the urge of spring means 552 secured to the wall I08.

The'other arm of "thebell-crank' I50 carries a stud shaft I53 which pivotally supports a lever Hie, the upper end I5 Ia 'F'of which functions to position the slide carriers in th projection stage when the bell-crank is rxin itsnorrnal position, and to eject slide carriers from the projectionstage when the bell-crank is displaced from its normalposition, at'the time thelevers are cammed by the elevation of a suc- 'ceeding slide'for projection.

The lever I54 carries a stud I55 which is engag'ed by aspring 156 secured to the wall I08 which urges the lever I 54 in a counter-clockwise direction asviewed in Figure 9, and causes the lower corner (bounded by the face I54a) to contact the rear-or right hand-face of the plate I09. The" lever I54 has a duplicatein the lever I57 shown in Figure .8,and this lever'l51 is mounted on a bell-crank and acts in time with and duplicates the functions described for the lever I54.

Springs I50 and I59 are for engaging the'slide carriers and firmly holding the carrier in the projection stage. These springs are secured to the wall I08 near the bosses I38 and extend upwardly, therefore the slide carriers being elevated to the projection stage encounter and are engaged by these springs before they encounter the trip levers I39 described above. These springs extend to points approximately on a horizontal mid-line of the projection stage, and their upper ends are adapted to overlie the ends respectively of downwardy projecting springs I68 and I6I which are secured to the plate or wall I98 near its upper end.

As the slide carrier is being elevated to the projection stage it is, as stated above, engaged by the springs I58 and I59 before it encounters the trip levers. After leaving the trip levers it causes the springs I58 and I59 to move to the right (Figure 9) and to engage the springs I 59 and I6I, and as it advances further the grooves in the rollers of the slide carrier engage the camming surfaces I54b of the lever I54 and a corresponding camming surface on the lever I51, thereby causing the levers I54 and I51 to move to the right as viewed in Figure 9. As the upward movement of the elevating blocks continues to the upper limit of its stroke, the face I54a and the corresponding face on lever I51 ride below the hubs of the rollers on the slide carrier, and the combined urge of springs I58, I68 and I59, I6I firmly hold the lower face of the slide carrier against the lower edge of the picture gate I62 and the ,faces of the slide carrier against the upwardly projecting members of the picture gate, one of said members being shown in Figure 8 and designated by the numeral I63, and thereby the slide carrier is firmly held in the projection stage. The elevating blocks then start their movement downwardly to start elevating a succeeding Slide carrier.

The shutter Just prior to the point where a succeeding slide carrier being elevated reaches the trip levers, a

shutter closes and cuts the light off so that no' movement of the slide from the projection stage may be seen on the screen, and opens just after the succeeding slide is positioned in the projec- I tion stage and the elevating blocks start down.

The shutter may be seen in Figures 5, 11 and 12, is supported by the wall I64 and by a plate I65 spaced apart from the wall I64 by spacers I66, I66a, and I69. The plate I65 has a bored hole I61 therein and an annular ring I68 forms a working fit in the hole I61. retained in position in the hole by means of screens I18 in the plate I65 and having heads overlying the ring I68.

A shouldered screw I1I in the ring I68 has pivotally connected to it a connecting bar I 12 which is pivotally connected to a lever I13 by means of a shouldered screw I14. The lever I 13 is pivotally mounted on the plate I65 by means of a shouldered screw I15. The lever I13 also has a portion cut away at I16 for clearance.

The shutter is of the usual iris type and includes a plurality 'of blades I11 pivoted on pivot screws I88, mounted in wall I64 and having slots I 18 formed therein engaged by pins I19 carried by the ring I68. A stop lever I8I is secured to the ring I68 extends radially therefrom to be engaged by a bumper I82 when the shutter is closed, and by a bumper I83 when the shutter is open.

A flanged bushing I84 is secured to the wall The ring I68 is I64 and has a bearing hole extending therethrough and contains a ball bearing for a shaft I85. A lever I86 has a bossed end keyed to the shaft I85 and has riveted or otherwise secured to its other end, a cross-arm I81. Bumpers I88 and I89 are carried by the cross-arm.

The shaft I85 has keyed thereto a collar I99 carrying oppositely disposed engaging members I9I and I92. The main shaft 26 carries cams I93 and I94 in spaced relation to each other and having sidewardly projecting extensions, one of which is designated by the numeral I95, adapted to engage the engaging members I9I and I92. The cam I94 engages the member I9I and causes the shutter to close by causing the collar to rotate through a small arc in a clockw se direction as viewed in Figure 13. The collar I98 may be a bossed hub in some forms of the device and may have secured thereto a lever I96 carrying a weight I91, the weight being eccentrically mounted on the lever and adapted to be rotated for adjustment. As the collar rotates through said arc in clockwise direction, the lever I96 together with the weight I91 also moves counterclockwise and as soon as the center of mass of the weight passes the vertical axis, gravity action on the weight causes the lever I96 to rapidly swing over to the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 13 and thereby causing the shutter to close rapidly. The bumper I88 acts against the lever I13, pulls the connecting bar I1I downwardly as seen in Figure 12, rotates the ring I68 in a counter-clockwise direction and moves the lever I8I to the position indicated by dotted lines to be stopped by the bumper I822.

The main shaft 26 rotates in one direction only, so, due to the fact that the cam I94 engaged the member I9I from above, the opposite effect may be had by having the cam I93 act upon the member I92 from below. This causes the connecting rod I12 to move the ring I68 (as viewed in Figure 12) in a clockwise direction, thereby rapidly opening the shutter under the direct control of gravity when the lever I96 passes the vertical center line while moving to the left, as viewed in Figure 13. As described above, the shutter is opened just before a succeeding slide while being elevated to the projection stage encounters the trip levers I39 because they cause the slide at the picture gate to be ejected to make room for the succeeding slide. The shutter closing prevents this from being seen on the screen. The shutter then reopens just after the elevating blocks have started back down after the delivery of said succeeding slide to the picture gate. It will be noted that the shutter is positioned between the source of illumination and the condensing lens system. This is of distinct advantage, as it abets the cooling of the colored pictures carried in the slide carriers in the machine. The cooling system will be described in detail presently.

Slide carriers The slide carrier is shown in detail in Figures 14, 15, and 16, and is generally designated by the numeral I I8 in Figures 6 to 9 inclusive. The slide holder includes a body I14, which is preferably a casting, having side border portions I98 and I99 and a top border portion 288 which define a recess 28I therein to contain a slide, such as that designated by the numeral 2I8 in Figure 1'1. The rear wall of the body I14 has a frame opening 282 formed therein. Preferably formed integral with the body I14 at the tip are bosses 203 and 204 which are-drilled to form bearings for a shaft 205-carrying the grooved rollers H6 and I43.

A plate 206 hasa frame opening 281 formed therein and has itslower edge 208 bent at right angles to engage the lower edge of the slide. Springs 209 and 2 are secured to the plate 206, preferably along a line below the center line of the frame opening 231 and extend to points in line with the bottom edge of the frame opening 201. tend beyond the topof the plate 2Il6-and fit in The upperends of these .springs exrecesses, one of which is designated -bythe numeral H2 in Figure 15. The springs are secured in these recesses by means of screws 253 and 2M. The body I14 has a curved opening H5 in its lower edge forming a thumb hole to facilitate the removal of slides from the carriers.

In placing a slideinor removing one from ;a carrier the operation is facilitated by lifting the lower edge of the plate ,2I6 (Figure Y16) and slipping a wire or small rod across the side borders I 98' and I99, then let the. plate come in contact f with the wire or rod sothat the latter holds the plateout of the way. This permits the removal or insertion of a slide to be freely effected, after 7 which the wire may; be removed, to release the plate.

Each slide carrieris provided with spacer bu"- tons 2IB and ZI'I which contact spacer buttons on adjacent slides and preventthe rollers from contacting each other and. running .askew.

Slide holder magazine and the movementof slides therein I I9 and I28; the supply of carriers on these rails must be replenished. In'mynewand improved projector I deliver a slide carrier to the rails I I9 and liilduringeach projection cycle of the machine.

The magazine is provided with another. pairof rails 248 and 2 I9, located above the rails H9 and I23 a sufficient distance to provide clearance between the slide carriers on rails 2I8 and 2I9 and the rails H9 and I26. inclined in a direction opposite .the inclination of rails H9 and I25.

and 223 carried on the wall, I25. carries on its lower end, astop 224,.and the. rail 2I9 carries a corresponding stop 225.

Referring now to Figure3, the cross-headllil has bee-n described together with the, linkages betweenvit and the eccentric ,68 for reciprocating it in the frame. cross-head 53 has secured thereto a steel. ribbon 223. A guide member 229 having curved ends 230 and 23! is mounted on the side wall |23,., Slightly spaced apart fromthe curved end 230 is .a curved guide member. 232, and the steel ribbon extends through the space between 233. and 232, and is connected to a slide block 233 which slides along a vertical-path234 defined by spaced vertical bars 235 and-23.- A plate 231- is secured to the slide block 233 and in turns. bar 238 is se- The rails ,2I8 and 2I9 are.

The rail 2I8 .is supported by.- blocks22o and 22I carried on'the wall I23, and, likewise the rail 2|9 is supported by blocks 222v The rail 2 I8 Referring .now to Figure 5, the,

slides fromtheprojecting stagetothe rails2l8 and -2I9..- The ,slide elevator 239,..2411- -.and..the

partsdescribedconnecting it to the cross-headQIl are-in line with the rail.2I8.-- A second setof duplicate parts is also associated .with the cross-s; head .90 and. are inlinewith therail 2I9.. These partsare not shown, except in Figure 6,.the.block member 239a ,corresponds to 239,. the. bar .2 38a corresponds to 238and the convex upper. end, 240a. .correspondsrto 25m. A plate 2 forms a connect-.

ing web between the .bars 238. and 23811:, and .is secured thereto by means of screws 242.

Howe. succeeding slide carrier being elevated. to .theprojection stageengages the trip levers,l3 9.

and ejects the slidecarrier then at the projection stage has; already beendescribed. A .plate 243. issecured to the frame 22-8 .and is spaced apart. from the picture gate I62, thereby. providing a,

space 244 in which the elevator 240; 24Ilatravels, and-for also guiding the ejected ,slidecarriers .to theelevator. As the cross-head; moves to the left,

asviewed i'n Figure 5, the ejected slide is lowered to the lowermosttposition illustrated in said fig; ure. The slide car-rierhas just clearedthe lower end ,.of. thew-plate 243 and is free .to rolloffonto therails 2I8 and 2 I9 and thence downtheincline to the other slides as shown.:, The slide carrier on the left endis stopped by the. stops.v 224,and

225. The plate-has clearance slots .onthe back to cleanthe rollers on .the slidev carriers, and has,

secured thereto a focussing lens. mount 245 car,-

, rying an-objective lenscell .246.--

.and 23 I'has one end thereof secured to the crosshead -93 and-the other end secured to an angular, plate 249; and a corresponding steel ribbon guidedv in, the same manner by guide members on .plate or =wall l25 hasone end connected to the cross! head ;96 and the other end connected to .anangu-. lar; plate 25il-.--(Figure 6). A slide bloek..25I is connected to the angular plateMQandisreciprocated vertically in the space. 25,2between the vertical path one boundary of whichis the bar 255 securedto wall. I25 of the magazine. A rod 253 secured to the'slide block Y251 and .its; duplicate 25 Ia; forms a pivotal support for rocker arms 25'I and 25 8. Therocker arm-25.1.carriesa boss. 259 which has screwed or otherwise secured thereto. a slide .holder engaging .arm 260.. The

rocker arm 25% has a boss26 I. which .has secured thereto an engaging. arm 262which-is parallel to engaging arm 239'. A.tie..rod 263 is secured .to both saidengaging. arms, serving as a.distanc,e.

rod, andatthetsame time to ,tie. the rocker-arms and the engaging arms, in a rigid structure adapt ed to be pivotally moved on the .rod .256, ,as, will presently be described.

A sleeve 234 forms .a support for a.spring.2 65..

the. same time these springs, due tothe. fact that they bear against the tie-rod 263,- urge. the structure associated therewith in acountereclockwise directionas viewed in Figure '7. i The sleeves 26k and 266may be turned on the rod 256.. togive the curecLto the plate 231 and carries a block mem-. ber-- 239 .having-a convexed upper. end 240. .and. forming a slide-elevator for lowering the ejected Y A second These springs the desired pressureagainst the slide carrier and may respectively be locked by set screws 268 and 269. Washers 218 and 21I on tie rod 262 serve as guides for the springs 265 and 261. A second tie rod 212 connects the rocker arms 251 and 258 together. This rod may be seen in section in Figures and 7 but is omitted from Figure 6 so that the rod 256 and the spring carryin sleeves 264 and 266 can be seen. An adjustable stud 213, adapted to be locked in any setting by lock nut 214, engages the tie rod 212 (see Figure '7) as the structure approaches its lowermost position. After which during the final movement (from the point where the tie rod is engaged, to the lowermost position) the structure also moves in a clockwise direction about the rod 256, thereby lowering a slide carrier thereon to the rails I I9 and I 28. The springs 265 and 261 pressing against the left side of the slide carrier facilitate the release of the slide carrier hubs from the U shaped ends of the engaging arms (268 and 26I).

As the structure starts upwardly, the structure, under the urge of the springs 265 and 261, moves pivotally on rod 256 in a counter-clockwise direction until the stud pin 215 engages the spring 216 and thereafter the stud pin 215 follows the right hand surfaces of the spring (Figure 7) and of the supporting boss 211, thereby causing the U shaped ends of the engaging arms 268 and 262 to be guided directly to the hubs of the left end slide carrier on the rails 2I8 and 2I3. When the stud pin 215 reaches the top of the boss 211, the structure swings further in a counter-clockwise direction until the rocker arms 251 and 258 encounter buffer springs 218 and 219 respectively carried on angle members 288 and 28I supported on plates 249 and 258. A spring 282 has an end portion 284 which prevents the end slide carrier'from moving out of the range of the engaging arms 268 and 262 when the structure is approaching its uppermost position. When the structure swings clear of the boss 211 and engages the buifer springs, the shaft of the slide carrier engages and raises the end 284 of spring 282, permitting the second slide carrier to move down against the stops 224 and 225 ready to be picked up on the next upward stroke of the structure. The engagin arm 262 also carries a stud pin like 215 and a spring like the spring 216 is provided to cooperate therewith. These are not shown in the drawing, but a supporting boss 285 is shown in Figure 6 and forms a support for such spring.

As the structure starts down again to deliver a slide holder to the lower rails 268 and 262, the stud pin 215 is between the spring 216 and the bar 254 thereby causing the slide carrier to move down in almost a straight line well away from the left ends of the rails 268 and 262, and the stud pin 215 moves clear of the spring 216 before the tie rod 212 encounters the stud 213 and causes the structure to tilt in a clockwise direction as before described, to deliver the slide carrier to said rails. From the above description it can be seen that the structure pivotally carried on rod 256 which is in turn supported on slide blocks I, 25m moves up and down as the cross-head 98 reciprocates and delivers slide carriers, one at a time, from the upper rails to the lower rails; and at the same time the members 248, 248 a also driven by the cross-head 98 deliver the slide carriers one by one from the projection stage to the top rails of the magazine.

A cross rod 286 between the walls I23 and I25 pivotally supports a restraining bar 281 for preventing the slide carriers from piling up. This bar is engaged by spring loaded balls engaging depressions (one shown at 288) on each side of the bar 281. The balls are carried by stud shafts, one of which is designated by the numeral 289. A stop 298 prevents the bar from engaging too deeply, and a handle bar 29I is provided to facilitate the raising of the bar 281. A cover plate 292 for the magazine carries bosses 293 and 294, which have secured thereto a restraining bar 295 to prevent slide carriers on top rails from piling up. mounted on the magazine so that slide carriers may be added or removed.

The twin cooling system The motor 43 has a shaft extension 388 which has secured thereto two Seroco type blower rotors 38I and 382. The casing wall 5Ia has a hole 383 formed therein in line with the intakes of the rotors 38I and 382. This hole serves as the inlet port for said rotors, and is covered with a screen 384 which is sandwiched between the wall 5| a and an annular ring 385 screwed to said wall. The wall has preferably formed integral therewith a web 386 which forms a housing for the rotor 382, and has an outlet opening 381 for delivering air into the spacebetween the wall I64 and the wall I88 where the condensing lens mount 3I5 is cooled and its cooling air passes out via holes 333, 334. Some air passes upwardly between walls I88 and 189 where the slide at the picture gate is cooled and also the picture being elevated. Some of the air passes through openings in wall I89 and divides; part of it passing upwardly through the space 244, where it cools the ejected slides, andpasses out together with air from the picture gate via holes 388 in closure plate 389; and the remainder passing through the magazine 2I where the slides therein are cooled, and passes out via the louvres 3I8 formed in the closure wall 3| I. From the above it will be seen that all of the slides in the machine, whether they are in the magazine, in the picture gate or on the way therefrom or thereto, they are at all times being cooled, therefore it is impossible for the slides to become overheated in my machine. This makes it particularly adapted to handle colored slides, as there is no danger of having the colors impaired by heat. 7

The rotor 38I is embraced by a housing 3I2 having end walls 3I3 and 3I4. The wall 3I4 has an .inlet hole 3I1 communicating with the opening, or hole 383 via the interior of the rotor 382. The housing 8i 2 has a discharge opening 3I8 which communicates with and delivers almost its full volume of air to the interior of the lamphouse 24 (a small portion of air therefrom being deflected over the motor 43, cools the same and passes out via louvres 3I9 in the closure plate 328). The cross member 44 supports studs 32I and 322 which have secured thereto lugs 323 and 324 supporting an upturned perforate cup shaped member 325. The lamp socket 326' is secured to the member 325 and contains a lamp 321.. A tubular member 328 has front and rear holes 329 .and 338 formed therein to let light pass respectively from the lamp to the condensing lens system and from the adjustable reflector 332 to the condensing lens system. A cap closes the upper end of the tubular member 328. Some of the air passes through perforations in the cup 325, and out via openings 329 and 338,

The cover plate is removably' air also passes about the tubular member 323,.

Other features of the machine The condensing lens system formed in a cell ener l esi d y he m r M1 her inbefore referred to is for convenience formed of two castings secured together after they are ac i ed h top ca tin as e op n n 3| 6formedtherein to permit air to discharge from the lamphouse viatheopening 29:3. The parallel sidewalls 2P1T of thelower casting isolate the hot lamp house air, against entering the space betweenthewalls I64 and N38. The top casting has laterally extending walls 2% and 2S9,which cover the space on each side of said parallel walls 255], and a series of perforations 333 in wall 238 and a second seriesofperforationstfi inwall zee form outlets for air to discharge from they spacebetween walls IE4 and Hi3. The parallel side walls of the lower easting merge .with a tubular portion 335. The top casting has downwardly extending portions 335 which are secured to the parallel side walls 23? in any suitable manner to form a unitary structure which may be bodily inserted into or removedfrom the upper end of the projector, The

walls 23? have extending therefrom, webs 337;

which engage and are guided by guide strips ass secured tothe face of the late at wall i6 3.

The tubular portion 335 has at the front end thereof a plano convex lens 339, spaced apart from which is a second plano-convex lens 3&3, a tubular spacer 351i serving as a spacer. Between the lens 34% and'a concave-convex lens 342 is a second tubular spacer 32 3. A retaining ring 345 is screwed into the tubular portion for retaining the lenses and their spacers in the cell.

The lamp house is provided with a finned cover 345'which is secured on by screws 346 and is readily removable so that the lamp may be re placed or the'reflector'332 may be cleaned, etc. In order to replace'a lamp, the screws 3% are removed and the cover 345 is removed, after which the tubular member 323 may be disengaged from the cup 325 and removed. Then the lamp 321 may easily be removed and replaced.

" The magazine cover 232 carries lugs 348 which in turn carry studs 3%! and thumb-nuts 348. When the cover 232 is applied to the magazine, the studs 3 enter slots 349 in the side plates I23 and I25 and permit the cover to go down on the opening in the magazine and cover the same, after which the nuts 348 may be tightened. In opening the magazine to add or remove one or more slide carriers, the thumb nuts 348 are loosened after which the cover 292 may be readily removed.

In the rear wall of the machine are a switch 350 for controlling the flow of current to the lamp 321, and a switch for controlling the motor. Augmenting the latter is a double throw switch 352. A terminal socket plug 353 is provided for connection to a source of current for the device. In some modifications the switch 352 may be omitted, however in the present embodiment, this switch is provided so that when in positionthe motor is conditionedto runon alternating current.

The reductiondrive betweenthe shaft 3] and themain drive26i isherein shown as including sprockets 3 3 and 32., connected by a chain34. I

reservethe right to useother equivalents suchv as gearing .orbelts.

Although the embodiment of the invention herein disclosed is, givenby way of example, it

must beunderstood that I mustnot be limited to the embodimentrshown, as I may makemany changes therein in accordance with the scope,

of the appended claims.

I.c1aim: l. A projector including a base, a shaft. journaled in said base, a motor, transmission means,

between said motor and saidshaft, a cross-head and ways therefor,horizontallyrdisposed on said 'base, other means on said shaft, and having mechanism connected thereto and tosaid cross.- head for reciprocating said cross-head alongsaid ways, other mechanismadapted to be reciprocated in a plane at an angle of with respectto the plane of said base, a thin flexiblestripof material linking said cross-head to said other mechanism, and curved guide meanscontacting at least a substantial portion of the widest surfaces of said strip whereby both the push and the pull of said crosshead as it reciprocates in a plane parallel to said base, is transmitted to said other mechanism without lost motion, thereby causing said other mechanism to reciprocate in said plane atan angle of 90 withthe plane of said base.

2. In a projector for pictures, a carrier for each of said pictures, eachcarrierbeing provided with overhanging supports, a picture gate, a magazine having inclined rails therein engaged by said supports, an elevator moving in a vertical path adjacent to the lower ends of said rails and adapted to successively raise saidcarriers vertically from the rails in said magazine to said picture gate, a pair. of levers spaced apart from each other, and positioned on each side of said picturegate, spring means urging said leverstoward said gate, upper and lower camming surfaces on said levers forming Vs with their apexes contacting said picture gate, whereby the overhanging supports on a slide carrier being elevated first to engage the lower camming surfaces and cause said levers to move out against the urge of the spring means and due to the snapping back of said levers to their normal positionsafter said supports have passed over said apeXes, said supports are secondarily engaged by the upper camming, surfaces and thereby. said carrier is positioned in registration with said picture gate.

3. In a projector for pictures, a carrier for each of said pictures, each carrier being provided with over-hanging rollers forming supports, a picture gate, a magazine having inclined rails therein engaged by said supports, an elevator moving in a vertical path adjacent to the lower ends of said rails and adapted to successively pick up and raise said carriers vertically.

elevated before it reachessaid gate, a pairof' downwardly extending spring members supported above said picture gate in parallel relation to saidfirstspring members and adapted to be engaged one positionthe motor is conditioned torun on, direct current and when the switch is initsother in over-lying relation by said first spring members as said elevated carrier is raised into position at said gate, whereby the urge of all said spring members is imposed upon said carrier to hold it in frictional contact with said picture gate.

4. The invention according to claim 2, in which bell cranks pivotally supported in said projector carry pivots supporting said levers, and in which trip levers associated with said bell-cranks are positioned adjacent to the path of said elevator and adapted to be actuated only by the overhanging supports of a slide carrier being elevated, thereby swinging said bell-cranks and causing the said levers pivotally connected thereto to move upwardly longitudinally and eject theprevious slide carrier from said picture gate in order to condition said gate to receive the slide carrier being elevated.

5. In a projector, an optical system including an objective lens and a condensing lens, a picture gate therebetween, a source of light, an iris shutter positioned between said condensing lens and said source of light, a shaft positioned adjacent to said shutter, actuating means for said shutter carried on said shaft, a second shaft at right angles to said first shaft, a cam on said second shaft positioned above said first shaft, a second cam on said second shaft positioned beneath said first shaft, and means on said first shaft to be engaged by said cams whereby, with said second shaft rotating in one direction only, one of said cams swings said first shaft in one direction to cause said shutter to open, and the other of said cams swings said shaft in the opposite direction to cause said shutter to close.

6. The invention according to claim in which said first shaft has secured thereto a lever extending upwardly and carrying a weight, said lever being so set on said shaft that when the shutter is changing from its open to its closed position and vice versa, the lever crosses the Vertical center line and is attracted by gravity and thereby the action of the shutter is accelerated.

'7. In a slide carrier, an apertured member adapted to span one entire face of the slide, a second apertured member oppositely disposed and adapted to embrace the opposite face of said slide, spring means associated with both said members for urging them towards each other, a rod supported on said carrier and overhanging the side edges thereof for engagement with means external to said carrier, and rollers secured to the overhanging ends of said rod.

8. In a slide carrier, a rectangular body having a depression formed therein to receive a slide, an aperture formed in the wall of said body communicating with said depression, a pair of aligned lugs carried on said body and having aligned holes formed therein, a shaft journaled in said holes and overhanging the side edges of said body, rollers carried on the overhanging ends of said shaft, an apertured retaining plate for retaining a slide in said depression, and spring means carried on said body and supporting said retaining plate, said spring means serving for maintaining the latter in intimate contact with the slide in said depression.

9. A slide carrier according to claim 8 in which siad rollers are provided with hubs and are keyed onto the ends of said shaft, thereby preventing the roller on one end from turning faster than the roller on the other end and causing the slide to move unequall over surfaces supporting said rollers.

10. A slide carrier according to claimB in which said rollers are provided with hubs and are fixed on the ends of the shaft, whereby when said rollers engage rails with said body suspended therebetween, both rollers must turn at the same rate and prevent said carriers from becoming askew, and spaced members carried on both sides of each carrier, so that when a spacer on one carrier engages a spacer on an adjacent carrier, the rollers on the carriers do not touch each other.

11. In a projector for projecting a series of still pictures, a carrier for each of said pictures, a picture gate, a magazine for said carriers and the pictures therein, a pair of rails in said magazine slanting toward one end of said magazine and forming a support for some of said carriers, a second pair of rails in said magazine below said first rails and slanting toward the other end of said magazine to form a support for others of said carriers, a picture gate in said projector positioned above said magazine, an elevator in said magazine operating between said rails at said first end of said magazine for lowering slide carriers one at a time directly from said first rails to said second rails, a second elevator operating to lower slide carriers from said picture gate to the higher ends of said first rails, and means for raising slide carriers from the lower ends of said second rails up to said picture gate.

12. In a device for projecting a series of still pictures, an optical system including a picture gate, a source of light, a plurality of individual carriers for the pictures, a magazine for said carriers positioned below the axis of said optical system and including a pair of inclined rails to which picture carriers leaving said picture gate are added and a second pair of inclined rails from which picture carriers are removed to be projected, said rails being adapted to support groups of said carriers, an elevator within said magazine for lowering carriers from said first pair of rails to said second pair, a second elevator external to said magazine and moving in a path whose lower end terminates at the lower ends of said second rails, said second elevator being adapted to elevate said removed carriers to said picture gate, and a third elevator for lowering carriers from said picture gate and adding them to said first rails as aforesaid.

13. In a picture projector, an optical system including condensing lenses, a picture gate, a source of light, a magazine spaced apart from said light and positioned below the axis of said system for containing a plurality of pictures, mechanism operating in picture cycles to remove from said magazine and deliver succeeding pictures to and to remove preceding pictures from said gate and return them to said magazine, a motor, a cooling system for cooling said source, a second cooling system for cooling said condensing lenses and said pictures in said magazine and at said gate, means permanently connecting both said cooling systems in driven relation to said motor, a driving connection between said mechanism and said motor, and means for disassociating said motor from said mechanism without interfering with the operation of said cooling systems, thereby permitting the projection of any of said pictures for a period longer than the picture cycle of said mechanism.

14. In a projector for slides including a picture gate and having individual carriers each being provided with rollers, elevator means for moving said slide carriers along vertical paths in said projector, and track means in said pro-.

jector defining upper and lower non-vertical paths along said vertical paths, said picture gate being at a level substantially higher than said upper non-vertical path and said elevator means being adapted to individually raise said slide carriers from said lower path directly up to said picture gate.

15. In a projector for slides, an optical system, a picture gate, a source of light, individual carriers for said slides, a magazine below the axis of said optical system, rails in said magazine defining upper and lower paths for said carriers, elevator means for raising slide carriers from said lower path directly to said picture gate, means controlled by a slide carrier being raised for ejecting the preceding slide carrier from the picture gate before said slide being raised reaches said gate, a second elevator for lowering the ejected slides from said gate to said upper path, and a third elevator for lowering slide carriers from said upper path to said lower path.

16. In an automatic projector for slides, a source of light, a picture gate, a slide carrier for each of said slides, a magazine for said slide carriers positioned below the optical axis of said projector, an upper set of rails and a lower set of rails forming supporting paths for said slide carriers, means operating in a path outside said magazine for individually removing a slide carrier from the lower rails in said magazine and elevating it above the magazine to said picture gate during each projection cycle of the projector, means actuated by the slide carrier being elevated for ejecting the carrier of a previously projected slide from the picture gate before the tion to said last means for individually transl ferring slide carriers from said upper rails to said lower rails, all said means operating once during each projection cycle.

17. In combination with a projector, a picture gate, a magazine below said gate and spaced apart therefrom, a pair of parallel rails within said magazine, a second pair of parallel rails Within said magazine, a second pair of rails therein and spaced apart from said first rails, a group of slide carriers on said first rails, a second group of slide carriers on said second rails, several means operating in picture cycles of said projector, one of said means being provided for sequentially removing slide carriers from said second or lower rails and raising them outside of said magazine and up to said film gate, a second of said several means being adapted to sequentially lower said slide carriers from said picture gate to said first rails, and a third of said several means being adapted to sequentially lower slide lcarriers from said first rails to said second rails.

18. In a projector for slides in combination, a magazine, a picture gate above the top plane of said magazine, a plurality of slide carriers for said slides and contained in said magazine, mechanisms for causing said carriers to traverse definite paths through said magazine, an elevator outside of and at one end of said magazine and adapted to receive said carriers singly and successively raise them up above the top plane of said magazine to said gate, a second elevator moving in a path a portion of which is external to said magazine for receiving carrier from said picture gate and lowering the same to an up er of said paths in said magazine, a third elevator between the upper of said paths in the magazine and a lower of said paths therein, and a control member associated with said third elevator for causing the latter to move along one course when traveling upwardly and to move along a different course when traveling downwardly.

19. The invention according to claim 11 in which said first and said second elevators are linked together by a guided flexible strip, one end of said strip being directly connected to said first elevator and the other end being connected to said second elevator, said strip being of such length that .when one of said elevators is at the top of its stroke, the other is at the bottom of its stroke, and in which said means for raising includes a driving member connected to an intermediate point of said flexible strip.

20. The invention according to claim 17 in which a bar parallel to and spaced apart from said first rails is supported above an intermediate line between said rails, and in which a second bar parallel to and spaced apart from said second rails is supported above an intermediate line between said second rails, for preventing slide carriers on said rails from piling up and jamming, said bars being adapted to be moved from the positions described to give access to the slide carriers on each of said rails.

21. A projector according to claim 18, in which said third elevator includes a tiltable member carrying engaging arms spaced apart from each other and having U shaped notches formed therein for engaging and supporting a slide carrier While said third elevator is lowering the same toward the lower of said paths, and a settable stop adapted to cause said tilta-ble member to tilt to a position where said slide carrier passes from said notches to the lower path.

22. In a projector for slides, a frame, a magazine for said slides, a reciprocative member operating in a vertical plane for individually engaging and moving said slides, a second reciprocative member on said frame operating in a horizontal plane, means on said frame for driving the second of said reciprocative members in said horizontal plane, a thin metallic ribbon extending from one of said planes to the other and connected to said members, and guide means contacting said ribbon and including a curved portion extending from one of said planes to the other and tangent to both said planes, whereby the motion of said reciprocative member being driven in said first plane without lost motion.

23. In a projector for projecting a series of still pictures, a carrier for each of said pictures, each carrier having overhanging supports, a picture gate, an elevator adapted to move from said picture gate in a vertical path extending downwardly to a receiving station below said gate, a pair of rails inclined toward said station and engaged by said supports whereby said carriers are moved toward said station by gravity, a pivoted member at said station normally forming a barrier to prevent the slide carrier on the lower ends of said rails from entering said path, and means carried by said elevator for engaging and pivotally displacing said barrier when said elevator reaches its lowermost position at said station, thereby permitting said end slide carrier only to move onto said elevator by gravity.

JACOB WOERMANN. 

